Mycosis can cause significant discomfort and, if left untreated, can lead to chronic problems.
In this article, we look at the different aspects of vaginal mycosis, from the symptoms to its effect on pregnancy.
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Vaginal mycosis is an infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast of the genus Candida, most commonly Candida albicans. These yeasts are a normal part of the vaginal microflora, but when their numbers get out of control, infection can occur. This infection occurs in women of childbearing age, after menopause and during pregnancy, and it does not avoid men either. It is sometimes transmitted between partners through sexual contact.
Symptoms of vaginal mycosis can be very unpleasant and include:
• itching and burning of the vagina
• redness and swelling of the vulva
• white, lumpy discharge that may resemble cottage cheese
• pain during urination or intercourse.
Vaginal mycosis is also a common problem in pregnancy when there are significant hormonal changes. Untreated mycosis can have a negative impact on the health of both the pregnant woman and the fetus. If you are pregnant, you need to think about prevention first and foremost. If symptoms of vaginal mycosis appear, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.
During pregnancy, there are a number of hormonal and physiological changes that can increase the risk of vaginal mycosis. These include:
• Increased estrogen levels, which can promote yeast growth.
• The immune system of pregnant women is partially suppressed to prevent fetal rejection. This can lead to increased susceptibility to infections.
• During pregnancy, there is an increase in the production of vaginal discharge, which creates a moist environment that suits the yeast.
Chronic mycoses can lead to complications in pregnancy and childbirth. Chronic vaginal mycosis can cause:
• Inflammation of the amniotic sacs, which increases the likelihood of premature birth and low birth weight of the newborn.
• Higher risk of birth injuries.
• Possible transmission of infection to the newborn during delivery.
Women with chronic mycoses should be closely monitored by their doctor during pregnancy. Preventive measures and early treatment are key to minimizing the risks associated with this disease.
Many women experience symptoms of vaginal mycosis shortly before or after menstruation. This is because changes in hormonal levels during the cycle affect vaginal pH levels, which can create a positive environment for yeast growth. This situation is a common problem and can be frustrating if it occurs every month.
During the menstrual cycle, significant hormonal changes occur:
• Estrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate during the cycle, which can affect the balance of the vaginal microflora. High levels of estrogen, for example before ovulation, can promote yeast growth.
• Menstrual blood can temporarily increase the pH of the vagina, which can upset the balance between yeast and bacteria.
• The use of tampons, pads or menstrual cups can create a favourable environment for yeast to multiply more rapidly, as can inconsistent hygiene when handling and inserting these devices.
There are several measures that can help reduce the risk of vaginal mycosis after menstruation:
• Maintain good hygiene, but avoid excessive washing, which can disrupt the natural balance of vaginal microflora. Use a mild, unscented intimate soap.
• Prefer unscented sanitary products. Change tampons, pads or menstrual panties more often to avoid staying wet for too long.
• Follow a balanced diet rich in probiotics to support healthy vaginal flora. You can also take probiotics in the form of highly soluble vaginal suppositories that work directly in the vagina.
• Wear breathable cotton underwear and avoid tight clothing.
Sometimes it may happen that the symptoms of mycosis go away on their own. But definitely do not count on this, because untreated persistent vaginal mycosis can lead to a number of complications, in particular:
• A persistent infection can spread to other parts of the genital tract and cause more serious health problems.
• Damaged vaginal mucosa may be more susceptible to other infections, including bacterial and viral ones.
• Treatment of persistent or chronic problems is complex and requires extended time, changes in dress, diet, lifestyle and often the use of medication.
For occasional, but especially for recurrent infections, prevention is key and can help prevent the onset of difficulties. Prevention of vaginal mycosis involves several measures:
• wear breathable underwear and avoid tight clothing,
• maintain good hygiene, but avoid excessive washing and the use of shower gels and soaps,
• follow a balanced diet rich in probiotics, which promote a healthy vaginal microflora,
• avoid overuse of antibiotics, which can upset the balance of the microflora.
If you do develop an infection, don’t panic. Over-the-counter products in the form of foams, suppositories or ointments work well for occasional mycoses.
Vaginal mycosis is a common condition that can cause significant discomfort, especially if left untreated. Recognition of symptoms and early treatment are key to preventing chronic problems. If you suspect vaginal mycosis, do not hesitate to seek medical attention, especially if you are pregnant or if infections recur.
